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John Lombe was a silk
spinning (textiles) in
18th century Derby,
England.
He was born in Norwich in approximately 1693 the son of a worsted weaver.
He was a younger half-brother of
Thomas Lombe, who after his death would go on to amass a fortune as a silk merchant in Norwich and London.
In the early 1700s, the centre for producing silk stockings by
Stocking frame had moved to the Midlands from London and the demand for spun silk was outstripping demand.
Thomas Lombe's brother John had obtained employment at and abortive silk mill built in
Derby by the well-known inventor and engineer George Sorocold for the silk "spinner" Thomas Cotchett of Derby. The mill was built on the River Derwent in the city of Derby. It may have been the first instance of workers being gathered under one roof to work machinery driven by an inanimate power source.
The Italian people had been using power spinning since the early 1600s, with a description published by Vittorio Zonca
Leonardo Da Vinci had sketched a similar model, but Zonca's was more complete; it is unknown if there was contact. John was sent by his brother to investigate the Italian machines spinning fine
organzine thread. As the story goes, he obtained employment at one of the Italian shops where the secret silk-throwing machinery was used. He stole into the shops at night and carefully diagrammed them by candlelight. He then brought the designs back to England around 1717.
In 1718, Thomas Lombe was able to obtain a patent, which stated that it was for:
"three sorts of engines never before made or used within this our Kingdom of Great Britain, one to wind finest raw silk, another to spin and the other to twist the finest Italian raw silk into organzine in great perfection which was never before done in this our Kingdom, by which means many thousand families of our subjects may be constantly employed in Great Britain, be furnished with silks of all sorts of the manufacture of our subjects, and great quantities exported into foreign parts by being made as good and cheap as any foreign silk can be."
He engaged Sorocold to build a new larger mill on the site of the old one in Derby, completed in
1722, the year of John's death. John died suddenly. He is suspected to have been poisoned by a suspcious woman, presumably from Italy, who had appeared shortly before his death.
Thomas Lombe was knighted in 1727. In
1732 the patent expired and his request for an extension was turned down. It was arguably the first successful powered continuous production unit in the world; the archetype of Richard Arkwright's later
cotton mill at
Cromford and the Derwent Valley Mills which marked the beginning of the
factory system.
In recognition of his achievement he was given a grant of £14,000 to prepare a model of his machine which was displayed in the Tower of London for the benefit of other aspiring manufacturers. He died in 1739 and the building was sold to Samuel Lloyd and William Wilson. It continued to spin silk until 1890 when it partly collapsed.
The mill then passed through several hands and has been rebuilt several times, but the modified structure still exists and has been restored to house the Derby Industrial Museum.
Reference
- Cooper, B., (1983) Transformation of a Valley: The Derbyshire Derwent Heinemann, republished 1991 Cromford: Scarthin Books
{{Persondata]
manufacturing|DATE OF BIRTH=
1693|PLACE OF DEATH=[Derby, England-->
John Lombe was a
silk spinning (textiles) in
18th century Derby,
England.
He was born in Norwich in approximately 1693 the son of a worsted weaver.
He was a younger half-brother of
Thomas Lombe, who after his death would go on to amass a fortune as a silk merchant in Norwich and London.
In the early 1700s, the centre for producing silk stockings by Stocking frame had moved to the
Midlands from London and the demand for spun silk was outstripping demand.
Thomas Lombe's brother John had obtained employment at and abortive silk mill built in
Derby by the well-known inventor and engineer George Sorocold for the silk "spinner" Thomas Cotchett of Derby. The mill was built on the River Derwent in the city of Derby. It may have been the first instance of workers being gathered under one roof to work machinery driven by an inanimate power source.
The Italian people had been using power spinning since the early 1600s, with a description published by Vittorio Zonca Leonardo Da Vinci had sketched a similar model, but Zonca's was more complete; it is unknown if there was contact. John was sent by his brother to investigate the Italian machines spinning fine
organzine thread. As the story goes, he obtained employment at one of the Italian shops where the secret silk-throwing machinery was used. He stole into the shops at night and carefully diagrammed them by candlelight. He then brought the designs back to England around 1717.
In
1718, Thomas Lombe was able to obtain a patent, which stated that it was for:
"three sorts of engines never before made or used within this our Kingdom of Great Britain, one to wind finest raw silk, another to spin and the other to twist the finest Italian raw silk into organzine in great perfection which was never before done in this our Kingdom, by which means many thousand families of our subjects may be constantly employed in Great Britain, be furnished with silks of all sorts of the manufacture of our subjects, and great quantities exported into foreign parts by being made as good and cheap as any foreign silk can be."
He engaged Sorocold to build a new larger mill on the site of the old one in Derby, completed in
1722, the year of John's death. John died suddenly. He is suspected to have been poisoned by a suspcious woman, presumably from Italy, who had appeared shortly before his death.
Thomas Lombe was knighted in 1727. In
1732 the patent expired and his request for an extension was turned down. It was arguably the first successful powered continuous production unit in the world; the archetype of Richard Arkwright's later
cotton mill at
Cromford and the Derwent Valley Mills which marked the beginning of the factory system.
In recognition of his achievement he was given a grant of £14,000 to prepare a model of his machine which was displayed in the
Tower of London for the benefit of other aspiring manufacturers. He died in 1739 and the building was sold to Samuel Lloyd and William Wilson. It continued to spin silk until 1890 when it partly collapsed.
The mill then passed through several hands and has been rebuilt several times, but the modified structure still exists and has been restored to house the Derby Industrial Museum.
Reference
- Cooper, B., (1983) Transformation of a Valley: The Derbyshire Derwent Heinemann, republished 1991 Cromford: Scarthin Books
{{Persondata] manufacturing|DATE OF BIRTH=1693|PLACE OF DEATH=[Derby,
England-->
John Lombe 1693 - 1722
John Lombe 1693 - 1722 Thomas Lombe, the eldest son of Henry Lombe, a Norwich weaver, from a family long involved in the cloth trade. In 1718, Lombe took out a patent for a new ...
John Lombe - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
John Lombe was a silk spinner in 18th century Derby, England. He was born in Norwich in approximately 1693 the son of a worsted weaver. He was a younger half-brother of Thomas ...
Thomas Lombe
After making several of these silk weaving engines, Thomas and his brother, John Lombe, built a silk mill in Derby. It was claimed by William Hutton, in the History of Derby, that ...
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After making several of these silk weaving engines, Thomas and his brother, John Lombe, built a silk mill in Derby. It was claimed by William Hutton, in the History of Derby, that ...
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The great estate at Bylaugh was acquired by Sir John Lombe in 1796. Although the details remain a little uncl ear, it is rumoured that he won it from Richard Lloyd in a card game ...
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The Silk Mill The Silk Mill ngland's first factory was built here in 1717, on the banks of the River Derwent. John Lombe, who was possibly the world's first industrial ...
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John Lombe (1693 - 1722), Image: Old Silk Mill, John Keys, Sketches of Old Derby and Neighbourhood (London and Derby, 1895). Text: Malcolm Dick
Revolutionary Players - Browse Topics
John Lombe (1693 - 1722), Image: Old Silk Mill, John Keys, Sketches of Old Derby and Neighbourhood (London and Derby, 1895). Text: Malcolm Dick
Spinning the Web > Overview > Before the factory
One of those thrown out of work was an astute young engineer named John Lombe. John Lombe knew that the Italians had had efficient and effective water powered silk mills since the ...
Bylaugh Hall weddings, conferences Country House venue holidays ...
The great estate at Bylaugh was acquired for the Lombe (later Evans-Lombe) family by Sir John Lombe in 1796. Although the details remain a little unclear, it is rumoured that he ...
